【編者按：新華網(wǎng)英文版（English.news.cn）13日刊登英文評(píng)論文章《美國(guó)的失敗將造就一個(gè)“去美國(guó)化”的世界》（Commentary: U.S. fiscal failure warrants a de-Americanized world）（作者：劉暢），引發(fā)華盛頓焦慮，更引得外媒熱議中國(guó)是否有取代美國(guó)、打造“去美國(guó)化”世界的意圖。觀察網(wǎng)翻譯此篇英文評(píng)論以饗讀者?！?/span>

雖然現(xiàn)在美國(guó)兩黨政客正在內(nèi)斗，但他們?nèi)圆粩啻祰u自己的體制有多么完美，卻拿不出一個(gè)切實(shí)的解決政府關(guān)門(mén)的方案，這可能是看戲看糊涂的世界開(kāi)始好好考慮“去美國(guó)化”的好時(shí)機(jī)。

從血雨腥風(fēng)的二戰(zhàn)起，美國(guó)成了世界上最強(qiáng)大的國(guó)家，之后，它一直試圖建立全球帝國(guó)。手段包括強(qiáng)推戰(zhàn)后世界秩序，幫助歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇，在那些似乎很難對(duì)美國(guó)友好的國(guó)家里煽動(dòng)政權(quán)變更。

擁有著看似無(wú)敵的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和軍事實(shí)力，美國(guó)已經(jīng)宣布，它在世界上幾乎每個(gè)角落都有至關(guān)重要的利益需要保護(hù)。它習(xí)慣于插手所有遠(yuǎn)在天邊的別國(guó)事務(wù)。

同時(shí)，美國(guó)政府一邊不惜采取任何手段，在世人面前樹(shù)立自己是道德高地的形象，一邊偷偷而又膽大妄為地折磨戰(zhàn)俘、使用無(wú)人機(jī)殘殺普通民眾、監(jiān)控其他國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人等等。

這就是所謂“美國(guó)治下的和平”（Pax-Americana）。我們從來(lái)看不到美國(guó)曾幫助化解暴力、緩解沖突，也看不到美國(guó)曾為減少貧窮和無(wú)家可歸者做出努力，更看不到美國(guó)帶來(lái)過(guò)真正的、持久的和平。

而且，美國(guó)不僅沒(méi)有像負(fù)責(zé)任的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者那樣盡責(zé)自重，自私自利的華盛頓還濫用其超級(jí)大國(guó)的地位，給世界帶來(lái)更多混亂。美國(guó)不斷地把金融危機(jī)擴(kuò)散到海外，激起地區(qū)沖突和領(lǐng)土爭(zhēng)端，并以赤裸裸的謊言為幌子而發(fā)起未經(jīng)授權(quán)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

結(jié)果，拜那些貪婪的華爾街精英所賜，各國(guó)仍在為擺脫經(jīng)濟(jì)災(zāi)難而掙扎。而這幾年在伊拉克，爆炸和殺戮已經(jīng)成了日常生活的一部分，此前華盛頓宣稱(chēng)它把伊拉克人民從專(zhuān)制政權(quán)中解放了出來(lái)。

最近，華盛頓又陷入周期性的僵局，兩黨仍在為聯(lián)邦財(cái)政預(yù)算尋找一個(gè)可行方案，還指望能夠在提高美債上限問(wèn)題上達(dá)成一致。這讓許多擁有巨量美元資產(chǎn)的債主身處險(xiǎn)境，國(guó)際社會(huì)備受煎熬。

其他國(guó)家的命運(yùn)被掌握在一個(gè)虛偽國(guó)家的手里，這樣危急的日子必須結(jié)束。應(yīng)建立新的世界秩序，無(wú)論國(guó)家大小、貧窮與否，它們的關(guān)鍵利益都會(huì)被一視同仁地得到尊重。

為實(shí)現(xiàn)此目的，建設(shè)和加強(qiáng)一個(gè)“去美國(guó)化”的新世界需要這么幾個(gè)基本要素。

首先，所有國(guó)家都須遵守國(guó)際法的基本原則，包括尊重各國(guó)主權(quán)，不插手別國(guó)事務(wù)。

其次，應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)可聯(lián)合國(guó)處理國(guó)際熱點(diǎn)事件的權(quán)威。這意味著在聯(lián)合國(guó)沒(méi)有授權(quán)時(shí)，任何國(guó)家都沒(méi)有權(quán)力進(jìn)行軍事行動(dòng)。

此外，全球金融體系還應(yīng)有實(shí)質(zhì)性的改革。

發(fā)展中的新興市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體應(yīng)當(dāng)在主要的國(guó)際金融組織中擁有更多發(fā)言權(quán)。這些國(guó)際組織包括世界銀行和國(guó)際貨幣基金組織（IMF）。這樣才能更好地反映出世界經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治格局的變化。

另一項(xiàng)有效改革的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)是要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造、引進(jìn)新的貨幣作為國(guó)際儲(chǔ)備貨幣，以取代美元的主導(dǎo)地位，這樣才能使國(guó)際社會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)擺脫美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)加劇的政治混亂的影響。

當(dāng)然，要做出這些改變的目的并不是要完全把美國(guó)撇開(kāi)，而且這是不可能的。相反，這是為了鼓勵(lì)華盛頓在國(guó)際事務(wù)中扮演更具建設(shè)性的角色。

而在所有變革選擇中，建議那些華盛頓的政客們先從結(jié)束目前的致命僵局開(kāi)始。

（夏雪妮譯/岑少宇校）

 新華社英文評(píng)論文章《美國(guó)的失敗將造就一個(gè)“去美國(guó)化”的世界》（Commentary: U.S. fiscal failure warrants a de-Americanized world）英文全文：

新華社英文評(píng)論：是該考慮“去美國(guó)化”的時(shí)候了

Commentary: U.S. fiscal failure warrants a de-Americanized world

By Xinhua writer Liu Chang

BEIJING, Oct. 13 (Xinhua) -- As U.S. politicians of both political parties are still shuffling back and forth between the White House and the Capitol Hill without striking a viable deal to bring normality to the body politic they brag about, it is perhaps a good time for the befuddled world to start considering building a de-Americanized world.

Emerging from the bloodshed of the Second World War as the world's most powerful nation, the United States has since then been trying to build a global empire by imposing a postwar world order, fueling recovery in Europe, and encouraging regime-change in nations that it deems hardly Washington-friendly.

With its seemingly unrivaled economic and military might, the United States has declared that it has vital national interests to protect in nearly every corner of the globe, and been habituated to meddling in the business of other countries and regions far away from its shores.

Meanwhile, the U.S. government has gone to all lengths to appear before the world as the one that claims the moral high ground, yet covertly doing things that are as audacious as torturing prisoners of war, slaying civilians in drone attacks, and spying on world leaders.

Under what is known as the Pax-Americana, we fail to see a world where the United States is helping to defuse violence and conflicts, reduce poor and displaced population, and bring about real, lasting peace.

Moreover, instead of honoring its duties as a responsible leading power, a self-serving Washington has abused its superpower status and introduced even more chaos into the world by shifting financial risks overseas, instigating regional tensions amid territorial disputes, and fighting unwarranted wars under the cover of outright lies.

As a result, the world is still crawling its way out of an economic disaster thanks to the voracious Wall Street elites, while bombings and killings have become virtually daily routines in Iraq years after Washington claimed it has liberated its people from tyrannical rule.

Most recently, the cyclical stagnation in Washington for a viable bipartisan solution over a federal budget and an approval for raising debt ceiling has again left many nations' tremendous dollar assets in jeopardy and the international community highly agonized.

Such alarming days when the destinies of others are in the hands of a hypocritical nation have to be terminated, and a new world order should be put in place, according to which all nations, big or small, poor or rich, can have their key interests respected and protected on an equal footing.

To that end, several corner stones should be laid to underpin a de-Americanized world.

For starters, all nations need to hew to the basic principles of the international law, including respect for sovereignty, and keeping hands off domestic affairs of others.

Furthermore, the authority of the United Nations in handling global hotspot issues has to be recognized. That means no one has the right to wage any form of military action against others without a UN mandate.

Apart from that, the world's financial system also has to embrace some substantial reforms.

The developing and emerging market economies need to have more say in major international financial institutions including the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, so that they could better reflect the transformations of the global economic and political landscape.

What may also be included as a key part of an effective reform is the introduction of a new international reserve currency that is to be created to replace the dominant U.S. dollar, so that the international community could permanently stay away from the spillover of the intensifying domestic political turmoil in the United States.

Of course, the purpose of promoting these changes is not to completely toss the United States aside, which is also impossible. Rather, it is to encourage Washington to play a much more constructive role in addressing global affairs.

And among all options, it is suggested that the beltway politicians first begin with ending the pernicious impasse.

（責(zé)任編輯：楊曉均）